Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) Therapist Development Center Practice Exam

A client reports a low mood and trouble concentrating for three years after a past trauma. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. Major Depressive Disorder

2. Persistent Depressive Disorder

3. Cyclothymic Disorder

4. Acute Stress Disorder

The correct answer is: Persistent Depressive Disorder

The most likely diagnosis in this scenario is Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD). PDD, previously known as dysthymia, is characterized by a chronic low mood lasting for at least two years in adults, with symptoms that can include difficulty concentrating, low energy, and feelings of hopelessness. In this case, the client has experienced a low mood and trouble concentrating for three years following a past trauma, which aligns with the criteria for PDD. The duration of the symptoms is crucial, as one of the defining features of PDD is its long-term nature. While Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) can also present with similar symptoms, it is typically diagnosed when episodes of depression occur in a more acute, episodic manner rather than persistently over a long duration. Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is diagnosed when symptoms occur in response to a traumatic event but typically within a timeframe of three days to one month after the trauma. Cyclothymic Disorder involves a chronic pattern of mood instability that includes periods of depressive and hypomanic symptoms, which does not fit the description of the client's low mood and concentration issues. Thus, the chronic nature of the symptoms in this case points towards Persistent Depressive Disorder as the most appropriate diagnosis